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Interactive Calculators

Chemistry

Stoichiometry Calculator

Solve for moles, grams, and volume ratios in chemical reactions.

Equation:
n=mMn = \frac{m}{M}
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Ideal Gas Law Calculator

Solve for pressure, volume, temperature, or moles using PV=nRT.

Equation:
PV=nRTPV = nRT
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pH and pOH Calculator

Determine the acidity or basicity of solutions using -log[H+] or -log[OH-].

Equation:
pH=−log⁡[H+]pH = -\log[H^+]
pOH=−log⁡[OH−]pOH = -\log[OH^-]
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Reaction Yield Calculator

Calculate theoretical yield and percent yield from reactants and products.

Equation:
PercentYield=ActualYieldTheoreticalYield×100Percent Yield = \frac{Actual Yield}{Theoretical Yield} \times 100
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Dilution Calculator

Calculate the volumes or concentrations required for dilution.

Equation:
M1V1=M2V2M_1V_1 = M_2V_2
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Reaction Rate Calculator

Solve for the rate of reaction based on reactant concentrations and rate laws.

Equation:
Rate=k[A]m[B]nRate = k[A]^m[B]^n
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Nernst Equation Calculator

Compute electrode potential for electrochemical cells.

Equation:
E=E°−RTnFln⁡QE = E° - \frac{RT}{nF} \ln Q
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Van 't Hoff Factor Calculator

Solve for colligative properties like boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.

Equation:
ΔT=iKfm\Delta T = i K_f m
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Redox Reaction Balancer

Balance oxidation-reduction reactions step-by-step.

Equation:
OxidationHalf−Reaction+ReductionHalf−Reaction=BalancedEquationOxidation Half-Reaction \\ + \\ Reduction Half-Reaction = \\ Balanced Equation
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Chemical Half-Life Calculator

Determine the time required for a reactant to decrease by half.

Equation:
t1/2=0.693kt_{1/2} = \frac{0.693}{k}
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Chemical Equilibrium Calculator (ICE Table)

Solve for equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products using the equilibrium constant.

Equation:
K=[Products]coefficients[Reactants]coefficientsK = \frac{[Products]^{coefficients}}{[Reactants]^{coefficients}}
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Bond Energy Calculator (Enthalpy)

Calculate the total energy required to break all bonds in a molecule or reaction.

Equation:
ΔH=∑(BondEnergiesofReactants)−∑(BondEnergiesofProducts)\Delta H = \sum (Bond Energies of Reactants)\\ - \sum (Bond Energies of Products)
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Partial Pressure Calculator

Determine the partial pressure of gases in a mixture using Dalton's Law.

Equation:
Ptotal=∑PgasP_{total} = \sum P_{gas}
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Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Calculator

Calculate pH or pKa for buffer solutions, based on the concentration of acids and conjugate bases.

Equation:
pH=pKa+log⁡([A−][HA])pH = pKa + \log{\left( \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]} \right)}
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Enthalpy Change Calculator

Compute the enthalpy change (ΔH) for chemical reactions using bond enthalpies or heats of formation.

Equation:
ΔH=∑ΔH(products)−∑ΔH(reactants)\Delta H = \sum \Delta H(products) - \\\sum \Delta H(reactants)
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Molecular Weight Calculator

Calculate the molecular weight of compounds from their chemical formula.

Equation:
MW=∑(AtomicMass×NumberofAtoms)MW = \\\sum (Atomic Mass \times Number of Atoms)
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Freezing Point Depression Calculator

Calculate the change in freezing point for a solution.

Equation:
ΔTf=iKfm\Delta T_f = i K_f m
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Boiling Point Elevation Calculator

Solve for the boiling point elevation in solutions.

Equation:
ΔTb=iKbm\Delta T_b = i K_b m
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Electrolysis Calculator

Calculate the amount of substance produced or consumed in an electrolytic reaction.

Equation:
m=I×t×Mn×Fm = \frac{I \times t \times M}{n \times F}
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Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

Calculate the Gibbs free energy change for a reaction.

Equation:
ΔG=ΔH−TΔS\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S
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Empirical & Molecular Formula Calculator

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas based on elemental composition.

Equation:
MolecularFormula=(EmpiricalFormula)nMolecular Formula = \\(Empirical Formula)_n
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Percent Composition Calculator

Calculate the percentage of each element in a compound.

Equation:
%Element=MassofElementMassofCompound×100\% Element = \frac{Mass of Element}{Mass of Compound} \times 100
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Raoult’s Law Calculator

Determine the vapor pressure of solutions using Raoult’s Law.

Equation:
Psolution=XsolventPsolventP_{solution} = X_{solvent} P_{solvent}
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Henry’s Law Calculator

Calculate gas solubility in liquids under different pressures.

Equation:
C=kPC = kP
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Osmotic Pressure Calculator

Compute the osmotic pressure of a solution.

Equation:
Π=iMRT\Pi = i M R T
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Chemical Kinetics Arrhenius Equation Calculator

Determine reaction rates based on activation energy and temperature.

Equation:
k=Ae−Ea/RTk = A e^{-Ea / RT}
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Molarity & Molality Calculator

Convert between molarity and molality for solutions.

Equation:
M=nVm=nkgM = \frac{n}{V} \\ m = \frac{n}{kg}
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Physics

Projectile Motion Calculator

Analyze the motion of projectiles, including range and maximum height.

Equation:
Range=v2×sin⁡(2θ)g\text{Range} = \frac{v^2 \times \sin(2\theta)}{g}
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Kinetic Energy Calculator

Calculate the kinetic energy of objects in motion.

Equation:
KE=0.5×m×v2KE = 0.5 \times m \times v^2
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Ohm's Law Calculator

Solve for voltage, current, or resistance in circuits.

Equation:
V=I×RV = I \times R
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Newton's Second Law Calculator

Compute the force, mass, or acceleration using F=ma.

Equation:
F=m×aF = m \times a
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Gravitational Force Calculator

Calculate the gravitational force between two masses.

Equation:
F=G×m1×m2r2F = G \times \frac{m_1 \times m_2}{r^2}
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Work and Energy Calculator

Solve for work done or energy in physical systems.

Equation:
W=F×d×cos⁡(θ)W = F \times d \times \cos(\theta)
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Circular Motion Calculator

Analyze forces, speed, and acceleration in circular motion.

Equation:
Fc=m×v2rF_c = \frac{m \times v^2}{r}
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Momentum Calculator

Calculate the momentum of an object based on mass and velocity.

Equation:
p=m×vp = m \times v
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Spring Force Calculator

Determine force and energy in springs using Hooke's Law.

Equation:
F=−k×xF = -k \times x
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Wave Speed Calculator

Compute the speed of waves based on frequency and wavelength.

Equation:
v=f×λv = f \times \lambda
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Power Calculator

Determine power output in mechanical and electrical systems.

Equation:
P=WtP = \frac{W}{t}
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Specific Heat Calculator

Calculate heat transfer in substances using specific heat capacity.

Equation:
q=m×c×ΔTq = m \times c \times \Delta T
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Torque Calculator

Solve for torque in rotational systems using force and distance.

Equation:
τ=F×r×sin⁡(θ)\tau = F \times r \times \sin(\theta)
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Terminal Velocity Calculator

Find the maximum velocity of an object in free fall with drag.

Equation:
vt=2×m×gρ×A×Cdv_t = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times m \times g}{\rho \times A \times C_d}}
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Lens Equation Calculator

Analyze image formation in lenses using the lens equation.

Equation:
1f=1v+1u\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u}
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Escape Velocity Calculator

Find the velocity required to escape a planet's gravitational pull.

Equation:
ve=2×G×Mrv_e = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times G \times M}{r}}
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Heat Transfer Calculator

Calculate heat transfer through conduction, convection, or radiation.

Equation:
Q=k×A×ΔTdQ = \frac{k \times A \times \Delta T}{d}
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Fluid Dynamics Calculator

Analyze fluid flow rates, pressure, and velocity using Bernoulli's principle.

Equation:
P1+0.5ρv12+ρgh1=P2+0.5ρv22+ρgh2P_1 + 0.5 \rho v_1^2 + \rho g h_1 = P_2 + 0.5 \rho v_2^2 + \rho g h_2
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Engineering

Beam Buckling Calculator

Calculate the critical load at which a column will buckle.

Equation:
Pcr=π2EI(KL)2P_{cr} = \frac{\pi^2 EI}{(KL)^2}
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Heat Sink Calculator

Determine the thermal resistance required for a heat sink to dissipate heat.

Equation:
Rth=(Tj−Ta)PR_{th} = \frac{(T_j - T_a)}{P}
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Bolt Shear Strength Calculator

Compute the maximum shear force a bolt can withstand.

Equation:
Fs=τ×AF_s = \tau \times A
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Reinforced Concrete Beam Calculator

Calculate the moment capacity and reinforcement requirements for concrete beams.

Equation:
M=fc×b×d2M = f_c \times b \times d^2
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Hydraulic Cylinder Force Calculator

Determine the force output of hydraulic cylinders.

Equation:
F=P×AF = P \times A
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Gear Ratio Calculator

Calculate gear ratios and output speeds for mechanical systems.

Equation:
Gear Ratio=T2T1=N1N2\text{Gear Ratio} = \frac{T_2}{T_1} = \frac{N_1}{N_2}
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Shaft Torsion Calculator

Solve for torque and stress in rotating shafts.

Equation:
τ=T×rJ\tau = \frac{T \times r}{J}
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Thermal Stress Calculator

Compute stress induced in materials due to temperature changes.

Equation:
σ=E×α×ΔT\sigma = E \times \alpha \times \Delta T
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Wind Load Calculator

Determine wind pressure and forces on structures.

Equation:
F=0.5×ρ×v2×A×CdF = 0.5 \times \rho \times v^2 \times A \times C_d
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Bridge Deflection Calculator

Compute deflection in bridges under various loads.

Equation:
Δ=5×w×L4384×EI\Delta = \frac{5 \times w \times L^4}{384 \times EI}
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Pump Efficiency Calculator

Calculate the efficiency of hydraulic pump systems.

Equation:
Efficiency=PoutPin×100\text{Efficiency} = \frac{P_{out}}{P_{in}} \times 100
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Solar Panel Tilt Calculator

Optimize the angle of solar panels for maximum energy capture.

Equation:
Tilt Angle=Latitude+15∘(Winter)/Latitude−15∘(Summer)\text{Tilt Angle} = \text{Latitude} + 15^{\circ} (\text{Winter})\\ / \text{Latitude} - 15^{\circ} (\text{Summer})
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Mathematics

Derivative Calculator

Find the derivative of a function.

Equation:
f′(x)=ddx(f(x))f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx} \left( f(x) \right)
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Definite Integral Calculator

Calculate the integral of a function within specified bounds.

Equation:
∫abf(x)dx\int_{a}^{b} f(x) dx
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Limit Calculator

Find the limit of a function as x approaches a value.

Equation:
lim⁡x→cf(x)\lim_{x \to c} f(x)
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Chain Rule Calculator

Apply the chain rule to differentiate composite functions.

Equation:
ddxf(g(x))=f′(g(x))×g′(x)\frac{d}{dx} f(g(x)) = f'(g(x)) \times g'(x)
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Product Rule Calculator

Use the product rule to differentiate the product of two functions.

Equation:
ddx(f(x)×g(x))=f′(x)×g(x)+f(x)×g′(x)\frac{d}{dx} (f(x) \times g(x)) = f'(x) \times g(x)\\ + f(x) \times g'(x)
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Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Calculator

Calculate the integral of a function using the fundamental theorem of calculus.

Equation:
∫abf(x)dx=F(b)−F(a)\int_{a}^{b} f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)
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Area Between Curves Calculator

Find the area between two curves.

Equation:
∫ab[f(x)−g(x)]dx\int_{a}^{b} [f(x) - g(x)] dx
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Matrix Determinant Calculator

Calculate the determinant of a matrix.

Equation:
det(A)=a11×a22−a12×a21\text{det}(A) = a_{11} \times a_{22} - a_{12} \times a_{21}
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Linear System Solver

Solve a system of linear equations using matrices.

Equation:
A⋅X=BA \cdot X = B
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Green’s Theorem Calculator

Use Green’s Theorem to convert line integrals into double integrals.

Equation:
∮CPdx+Qdy=∬R(∂Q∂x−∂P∂y)dA\oint_C P dx + Q dy = \iint_R \left( \frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial P}{\partial y} \right) dA
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Stokes' Theorem Calculator

Convert a surface integral into a line integral using Stokes' Theorem.

Equation:
∮CF⋅dr=∬S∇×F⋅dS\oint_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r} = \iint_S \nabla \times \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{S}
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