Actuator
A device that converts energy into motion.
Adhesion
The property of materials to stick to other surfaces.
Aerodynamics
The study of how air flows around objects.
Alloy
A mixture of two or more metals to create a new material.
Bearing
A machine element that allows constrained motion with minimal friction.
Beam
A structural element that primarily resists bending.
CAD
Software used for creating detailed 2D or 3D designs.
Compressive Strength
The ability of a material to withstand compression.
Corrosion
The degradation of metals due to environmental factors.
Elasticity
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation.
Entropy
A measure of disorder in a thermodynamic system.
Fatigue
The weakening of a material caused by repetitive stress over time.
Fluid Dynamics
The study of fluids in motion.
Gear Ratio
The ratio between the number of teeth on two meshing gears.
Heat Exchanger
A device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids.
Kinematics
The study of motion without considering forces.
Load Factor
The ratio of applied load to the safe load limit.
Machining
A process of shaping materials by removing unwanted material.
Moment of Inertia
A measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion.
Nanotechnology
Engineering at the scale of atoms and molecules.
Nozzle
A device designed to control the flow of a fluid.
Orthogonal Cutting
A machining process where the cutting edge is perpendicular to the tool.
Piping
A network of pipes used to transport fluids or gases.
Plasticity
The property of a material to undergo permanent deformation.
Reinforced Concrete
Concrete embedded with steel bars for added strength.
Resilience
The ability of a material to absorb energy and return to its shape.
Shear Stress
A force that causes layers of material to slide against each other.
Stiffness
The rigidity of an object and its ability to resist deformation.
Strain
The deformation of a material due to applied stress.
Stress
The internal force per unit area within a material.
Surface Tension
The elastic tendency of a fluid surface to minimize its area.
Tensile Strength
The resistance of a material to breaking under tension.
Thermal Expansion
The increase in size of a material when heated.
Torque
A rotational force that causes an object to rotate.
Turbulence
Irregular fluid flow characterized by vortices and eddies.
Valve
A device that regulates fluid flow in a system.
Viscosity
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
Welding
A process of joining materials, usually metals, by melting and fusing them.
Yield Strength
The stress at which a material begins to deform plastically.
Zener Diode
A semiconductor device that allows current to flow in reverse under specific conditions.
Thermodynamics
The study of heat, work, and energy in systems.
Circuit Breaker
A safety device that interrupts excessive current flow.
Insulation
Material used to reduce heat transfer or sound transmission.
Buoyancy
The force that causes objects to float in a fluid.
Efficiency
The ratio of useful work output to total energy input.
Friction
The resistance to motion between two surfaces in contact.
Radiation
The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
Additive Manufacturing
The process of creating objects by adding material layer by layer (e.g., 3D printing).
Anisotropy
The property of being directionally dependent.
Creep
The slow deformation of a material under constant stress over time.
Fluidization
The process of converting a solid into a fluid-like state by passing a gas or liquid through it.
Mechatronics
An interdisciplinary field combining mechanical, electrical, and software engineering.
Redundancy
The inclusion of extra components in a system for reliability.
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
A computational technique used to predict how structures respond to forces and stresses.
Crystallography
The study of crystal structures and their properties.
Piezoelectricity
The property of certain materials to generate an electric charge when mechanically stressed.
Stress Concentration
The accumulation of stress in a localized area of a material.
Factor of Safety
The ratio of the maximum load a structure can handle to its intended load.
Thermal Conductivity
The ability of a material to conduct heat.